The Usability of Symbolism in Everyday Use by Alice Walker...

Symbolism is a technique that author’s uses to bring out the main importance of an object, but more emphasized details are being extracted in the usage of it. Alice Walker uses quilts, for example, to symbolize a â€Å"bond between women† (Spark Notes) a relationship between women, that would get passed down from generation to generation. In this story, symbolism plays a big role that makes this more attracted to the reader’s eyes. The characters such as the following: Mama Johnson, Dee, and Maggie all symbolize a manifold of different things that happened and/or took place back in the 1950s and 1960s. The characters and the quilt are combined together even if you as a reader can’t see that. The patches intertwined with the characters and it†¦show more content†¦She brought false hopes of heritage and misinterprets the whole process of being African American. Authors tend to always use symbolism and try to mix it in the writing, so you can go on a scavenger hunt and find them yourself. That scavenger hunt was made by Alice Walker and she threw it on the characters in many different ways that are blinded by people. One of the hidden symbols is found in Mama Johnson, a very caring, intelligent, courageous, and independent woman. She in general is true and complete representation of African-American culture/heritage; she is the exact image for every person out there who’s been through possibly every horrible entity and is still smiling. â€Å"Mrs. Johnson wears clothing that is practical for the kind of life she lives. Her overalls and flannel nightgowns depict her no-nonsense, harsh life that she leads on a daily basis.† (Symbolism in Walker’s â€Å"Everyday Use†). Mama dressed as to symbolize a hard working woman with a tough/difficult background, â€Å"her man-working hands clearly meant to indicate a rough li fe, with great exposure to work,† [Velasquez 2] in this piece of evidence it explains how difficult it was just by feeling and having a view of her hands. Her appearance says so much about her past and what she had been encountering, but she doesn’t discourage herself in trying to be someone she isn’t. She clearly lets everyone know who the real her and she has no piece of

The Development And Analysis Of Microsatellite Dna Essay

10 THE DEVELOPMENT AND ANALYSIS OF MICROSATELLITE DNA Summary Due to the significant negative impact of the industrial activities on the habitat, many species have become endangered. To conserve the species, a thorough investigation is needed. In this case, the research is based on the study the interdependencies between the genotype and spatial dispersal of populations. Despite being endangered, turtles comprise rather specific object for such investigations, as well as any other long-lived organisms, because their reproduction cycles complicate the genetic investigations using conventional methods. That is why the novel DNA markers, microsatellites, were chosen for this research. Although the microsatellites are very informative and universal, the overall cost for research is higher than for RAPD and AFLP. This is mostly due to the cost of the fluorescent dye which is used in the PCR. To eliminate this, I will apply an interesting technique which allows for incorporation of the dye by the forward primer into the product of polymerization thus saving a considerable amount of the dye. Generally, I plan to base research on such steps: - Studying the populations of Apalone spinifera and Apalone mutica based on available data; - Taking samples of blood from the animals which are going to be caught by hand in their usual habitat. The sampling will occur in the least possible harmful way; - Testing 12 pairs of primers initially developed for Apalone spinifera using theShow MoreRelatedGenetic Viological Markers, Cytological Markers And Biochemical Markerss?908 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction The traditional genetic analysis within populations by morphological markers, cytological markers and biochemical markers has not been very efficient when the selection objective involves several characteristics with unfavorable genetic correlation (Schwerin et al., 1995). 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The objectives is first to identify separately the stochastic genetic factors and then the stochastic deterministic factors in four long-lived animals such as bears, elephants, tigers and turtles; second, is how these factors may then affect their demographies (population sizes and immigration rates); and third is the application of genetic tools in specific types of species. Advanced genetic tools using mtDNA, microsatellite markers, protein and some otherRead MoreDevelopment Of Drugs With High Potency And Inhibitory Activity1618 Words   |  7 Pages Summary of research plan Development of drugs with high potency and inhibitory activity against specific activating mutation, while showing significantly less activity against wild type mutations, made testing specific sensitizing mutation necessary. 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An incorrect or non-functioning synaptic protein causes many mutations within genetics that predispose one to both ASD and epilepsy. In addition, a recent study found that epilepsy was diagnosed in some form in 44% of children with ASD. ConverselyRead MoreComparing Differential Gene Expression Of The European Honey Bee Apis Mellifera2570 Words   |  11 Pagestested for resistance via exposure to the Varroa mite. The discovery of resistant strains of Apis Mellifera would allow for selective breeding to be carried out to increase the species numbers, which is why this research would be highly useful. Microsatellite mapping would aid in locating other related strains. AIM AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of the proposed experiment is to put forward a methodology that would allow for the identification of resistant strains of the European honey bee, allowing for

My Fieldtrip Free Essays

My Visit to Muir’s Chapel On February 28, 2010, I went on a fieldtrip to a Methodist church called Muir’s Chapel United Methodist Church (UMC). The church was founded in 1822 when Jeremiah Dodson, a local preacher from the west, held services under brush arbors and the shade of oak trees on the grounds. The church grounds were located behind where the current building is located at 314 Muir’s Chapel Road Greensboro, NC 27410. We will write a custom essay sample on My Fieldtrip or any similar topic only for you Order Now After his services and charge began, the charge was organized and passed on to the Reverend Thacker Muir. Reverend Muir cut the first log for the first structure known as the â€Å"Log Meeting House. † In Reverend Muir’s honor the name was changed to Muir’s Chapel. After the deterioration of the log structure, it was replaced in 1875 by a one-room weatherboard building. Weatherboard is the cladding or ‘siding’ of a house consisting of long thin timber boards that overlap one another, either vertically or horizontally on the outside of the wall, thus making the building waterproof. This building was eventually moved across the street to the cemetery when the present sanctuary was constructed in 1903. During the years of 1929 thru 1932 the Log Meeting House was enlarged, remodeled and brick-veneered, along with the first landscaping of the grounds. There is a replica of the Log Meeting House remaining on the grounds today. In the honor of Reverend Thacker Muir, the current building is still known as Muir’s Chapel. In 1940, the first educational building, called the Smoak Building, was built and the following year the church received its first full-time pastor, W. Kenneth Goodson. There were annual Camp meetings at harvest time held in the Smoak Building until they were replaced by revivals, which were replaced at the turn of the century by Pre-Easter services. In the fifties, The Smoak Building was attached to the church, although it was then and currently still considered the educational wing of the church, it still carries the name â€Å"The Smoak Building,† which now houses the church offices. Year 1960, there was another addition added to the church called the Boren Building. This building was also dedicated to Reverend Thacker Muir in 1960. Since 1960 the Church has been rebuilt and remodeled several times, with the present sanctuary being completed in 1980. The latest addition to Muir’s Chapel is the Kale Christian Center which houses the Playschool, classrooms, and the contemporary worship auditorium. After doing careful research, I am still which I not sure when this addition began and when it was completed. Now that my readers have learned a little history of the church I visited for my field trip, I am now going to talk a little about what I experienced at Muir’s Chapel, which was a great experience I might add. As I was on the way to the church I made sure I did not have any pre-conceptions of my visit to this church. I wanted to be open-minded so that I could take in my experience and learn from it no matter if was good or bad. When I pulled into the parking lot I noticed there were not many â€Å"luxury† cars. In my opinion, this was the first sign of the members being non-materialistic. Then the church itself looked to be old with quite a few new additions, yet it is really appealing on the outside. But, when I got out of my car there was a white lady walking through the walkway across the lawn that immediately stopped and asked me how I was doing, and if I needed help. I immediately felt welcomed and I had only met one of the members of this church. She told me how to get to the sanctuary for the â€Å"Traditional Service† which started at 8:45 A. M. Once in the sanctuary and sitting down, a senior gentleman who looked to be around fifty or sixty years of age, as most of the congregation seemed to be, tapped on my shoulder and said it is good to have you here this morning, and if you do not already have a church home please come back here with us. As readers can see this was the beginning of a very warming experience for me. The service began a little different from what I am used to. For starters there were only about 25 people at this service and they were all Caucasian, as I am used to an all African-American congregation. Nevertheless, the service began with the welcoming of the congregation and congregational concerns as I had never seen this in a Sunday morning service before. At my church I am used to praise and worship team singing songs of praise to open the service. There were no concerns, so immediately they went into song. The choir director stood in the pulpit directing the congregation to sing, not an actual choir, but the congregation. Still, I could not believe the choir director was directing from the pulpit. Later I was told congregation is the choir as there is no choir for this service. As I listened to the song and tried to take part in the singing of the song, I found it difficult to follow as it was sung like an opera song; very high-pitched. But once the preacher began to preach, by the way he preached on the strength to forgive, which by the way was the title of his message. Everyone became extremely quiet and sat still as possible. Me being Black, I was definitely not used to this. I am used people talking back to the preacher, saying for example: â€Å"You better preach preacher, tell them what the word says! At Muir’s Chapel it was a quiet as could be. Needless to say I did not say anything back to the preacher while he was preaching. In case some of my readers are wondering how I managed to choose this church being African-American and this church being predominately white, I was invited by my classmate Lisa Tanico who is one of the ministers of this great church. Anyway, once the service was over I met with Lisa and she began to take me on a tour o f Muir’s Chapel. What I saw was amazing. Lisa and I had to pass through the fellowship hall where there were refreshments offered such as coffee, juice, and biscuits with a side of bacon or sausage. This very rarely happens at my church unless it is a special occasion of some sort. I was astonished to find out there were several different refreshments served after each service. Lisa then took on a quick tour of the rest of the church as she needed to readily available to the members if one needed to talk or maybe ask for prayer. So we scurried on to the Contemporary service that was going on in one of the newer parts of the church. I was in this service for only about 15 minutes as this service started at 9:00 A. M. , and the Traditional service I attended started at 8:45 A. M. What little I saw was interesting. There was an actual choir at this service, and the choir had a Pop sound, which is closer to what I am used to hearing. At the end of this service Lisa had to leave to attend to some of the members of the church and I had to go to a dedication at my church. But before my departure, Lisa did tell me that Muir’s Chapel was very involved in the community. This church is part of the Urban Ministry, inviting homeless and the less fortunate to come in and eat on certain days of the week. Muir’s Chapel also has several educational, sporting and biblical programs for the community, or just any one who may want to take part in participating. I am not sure which days, but either way just to know this church extends its arms out to the community in such away as this, if for no other reason at all makes me feel welcomed and privileged to have had the chance to visit this great Methodist church known as Muir’s Chapel. How to cite My Fieldtrip, Papers

Four Phases of Emergency Management free essay sample

In this section, the four phases of emergency management will be defined: mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery. Mitigation Over the last decade the social and economic costs of disasters to the United States, and throughout the World have grown significantly. During the 1990’s, FEMA spent over $25. 4 billion to provide disaster assistance in the United States. During that decade, the economic toll of natural disasters, world wide, topped $608 billion. This amounted to more than the previous four decades combined. The causes of this increase in disaster consequences are myriad. Climatalogical changes such as El Nino, global warming and sea level rise have all been identified as contributors. Add to this the many societal impacts such as increased development in and migration to identified risk zones, deforestation and clear cutting, and filling in of floodplains, among many other factors, and the picture becomes more clear. The discipline of mitigation provides the means for reducing these impacts. We will write a custom essay sample on Four Phases of Emergency Management or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Mitigation is defined as a sustained action to reduce or eliminate risk to people and property from hazards and their effects. The function of mitigation differs from the other emergency management disciplines in that it looks at long-term solutions to reducing risk as opposed to merely accepting that they will happen and preparing for their consequences, responding to their consequences, or recovering from them. Mitigation is usually not considered part of the emergency phase of a disaster as in response, or as part of emergency planning as in preparedness, or following the disaster as with recovery. Mitigation can be performed during each or all of these phases. Another significant difference sets mitigation apart from the other disciplines of emergency management. Implementing mitigation programs and activities requires the participation and support of a broad spectrum of players outside of the traditional emergency management circle. Mitigation involves, among other public and private sector participants, land use planners, construction and building officials, business owners, insurance companies, community leaders and politicians. The skills and tools for accomplishing mitigation (planning expertise, political acumen, marketing and public relations and consensus building, among others) are different than the operational, first responder skills which more traditionally characterize emergency management professionals. In fact, historically, the emergency management professional has been reluctant in taking a lead role in promoting mitigation because of its appearing to fall outside of this scope of activities. A State Director of emergency management once said words to the effect†¦ ‘I will never lose my job for failing to do mitigation, but I could lose my job if I mess up a response. ’ With the exception of the fire community, who lead early on in the effort to mitigate fire risks through their support for building codes, code enforcement and public education, the emergency management community has remained focused on response and recovery obligations. However, these trends are changing for several key reasons. Leadership at the Federal level, larger disasters, substantial increases in funding, and more value and professionalism in emergency management, have all resulted in greater acknowledgement of the importance of mitigation. Preparedness Preparedness within the field of emergency management can best be defined as a state of readiness to respond to a disaster, crisis or any other type of emergency situation. Preparedness is not, however, only a state of readiness, but also a constant theme throughout most aspects of emergency management. If one looks back into the history of the Nation, they will see the predecessors of today’s emergency managers focusing most heavily upon preparedness activities. For example, the fall-out shelters of the 1950’s and the air raid wardens were promoted as preparedness for a potential nuclear attack from the Soviet Union. Again, in the 1970’s, an acclaimed study prepared by the National Governor’s Association proclaimed emergency preparedness as the first step in emergency management. After the Three Mile Island Nuclear Power Plant incident occurred in 1979, preparedness around commercial nuclear power plants became a major issue for continued licensing of these plants. The increased emphasis on preparing the public for a potential event through planning and education, and preparing local responders through required exercises caused a likewise increased focus on overall preparedness for disasters. Also because of the recognized potential for subsequent nuclear disasters, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission’s licensing requirements required local emergency plans, exercise of those plans and evaluation of the exercises. This process had a profound impact on the discipline of emergency management. The off-site preparedness planning process became the model for future emergency response plans. The required exercises are seen as being the first such activities taken on a widespread scale. They also brought a legitimacy and level of public and political exposure to the emergency management profession. Most people agree that the radiological emergency preparedness program, initiated in the aftermath of Three Mile Island and which became part of the newly created FEMA, was the start of the modern emergency management discipline. Since that era, preparedness has advanced significantly and its role as a building block of emergency management continues. No emergency management organization can function without a strong preparedness capacity. This capability is built through planning, training and exercising, and has led to an increased professionalism within the discipline of emergency management. Throughout the 1990’s FEMA was focused on supporting and enhancing these efforts, not just at the Federal level but throughout government and into the private sector. All organizations in private, public and government sectors are susceptible to the consequences of a disaster and must consider preparedness. Preparedness not only focuses on getting essential government services, such as utilities and emergency services functioning at pre-disaster levels, but assisting businesses in quickly reopening to the public. Both of these key functions of preparedness help to minimize the required time for the effected population to return to pre-disaster life. Business contingency planning, the effort of private businesses to ensure that business activities continue in the aftermath of disaster, has emerged as a profitable off shoot of government preparedness efforts. Response When a disaster event such as a flood, earthquake or hurricane occurs, the first responders to this event are always local police, fire and emergency medical personnel. Their job is to rescue and attend to those injured, suppress fires, secure and police the disaster area and to begin the process of restoring order. They are supported in this effort by local emergency management personnel and community government officials. If the size of the disaster event is so large that the capabilities of local responders are overwhelmed and the costs of the damage inflicted exceeds the capacity of the local government, the Mayor or County Executive will turn to the Governor and State Government for assistance in responding to the event and in helping the community to recover. The Governor will turn to the State’s emergency management agency and possibly the State National Guard and other State resources to provide this assistance to the stricken community. Should the Governor decide, based on information generated by community and State officials, that the size of the disaster event exceeds the State’s capacity to respond , the Governor will make a formal request to the President for a Presidential major disaster declaration. This request is prepared by State officials in cooperation with regional staff from FEMA (with DHS). The Governor’s request is analyzed first by the FEMA Regional Office and then forwarded to FEMA headquarters in Washington, DC. FEMA headquarters staff review and evaluate the Governor’s request and forward their analysis and recommendation to the President. The President considers FEMA’s recommendation and then makes a decision to grant the declaration or to turn it down. If the President grants a major disaster declaration, FEMA activates the National Response Plan (NRP) and proceeds to direct several Federal Departments and Agencies, including the American Red Cross, in support of State and local efforts to respond to and recover from the disaster event. The Presidential declaration also makes available several disaster assistance programs in FEMA and other Federal agencies designed to assist individuals and communities to begin the process of rebuilding their homes, their community infrastructure and their lives. When a major disaster strikes in the Untied States, the above chronology describes how the most sophisticated and advanced emergency management system in the world responds and begins the recovery process. This system is built on coordination and cooperation among a significant number of Federal, State and local government agencies, volunteer organizations and, more recently, the business community. In the 1990’s the emergency management system in the United States was tested repeatedly by major disaster events such as the 1993 Midwest floods, the 1994 Northridge earthquake and a series of devastating hurricanes and tornadoes. In each instance, the system worked to bring the full resources of the Federal, State and local governments to produce the most comprehensive and effective response possible. The system also leveraged the capabilities and resources of our nation’s cadre of volunteer organizations to provide immediate food and shelter. In recent years, government officials and agencies at all levels have begun to reach out to the business community to both leverage their response capabilities and to work closer with them in the recovery effort. The September 11 terrorist attacks have caused all levels of government to reevaluate response procedures and protocols. The unusual loss of so many first responders to this disaster event has resulted in numerous after action evaluations that will likely lead to changes in the procedures and protocols for first responders in the future. Additionally, the possibility of future terrorism attacks has focused attention to how best to protect first responders from harm in future attacks. Recovery There is often a theoretical debate over when the response function ends and the recovery function begins. For our purposes we will classify the response function as the immediate actions to save lives, protect property, and meet basic human needs. The recovery function is not so easily classified. This function often begins in the initial hours and days following a disaster event and can continue for months and in some cases years, depending on the severity of the event. Unlike the response function, where all efforts have a singular focus, the recovery function or process is characterized by a complex set of issues and decisions that must be made by individuals and communities. Recovery involves decisions and actions relative to rebuilding homes, replacing property, resuming employment, restoring businesses, and permanently repairing and rebuilding infrastructure. The recovery process requires balancing the more immediate need to return the community to normalcy with the longer term goal of reducing future vulnerability. The recovery process can provide individuals and communities with opportunities to become more economically secure and improve the overall safety and quality of life. Because the recovery function has such long lasting impacts and (generally) high costs, the participants in the process are numerous. They include all levels of government, the business community, political leadership, community activists, and individuals. Each of these groups plays a role in determining how the recovery will progress. Some of these roles are regulatory, such as application of State or local building ordinances, and some, such as the insurance industry, provide financial support. The goal of an effective recovery is to bring all of the players together to plan, finance and implement a recovery strategy that will rebuild the disaster impacted area safer and more secure as quickly as possible. The precipitating event for an area impacted by a disaster is the Presidential declaration of disaster under the Stafford Act. Recovery activities begin immediately after a Presidential declaration as the agencies of the Federal Government collaborate with the State in the impacted area in coordinating the implementation of recovery programs and the delivery of recovery services.